Incumbent Sylvia Garcia (D) defeated Jarvis Johnson (D) and Robert Slater (D) in the Democratic primary for Texas' 29th Congressional District on March 3, 2026. The filing deadline was December 8, 2025. As of March 2026, Garcia and Johnson led in local media attention.

The primary took place in the context of redistricting in Texas ahead of the 2026 elections. The Texas Tribune's Gabby Birenbaum wrote: "For the last two election cycles, Hispanics have made up 63% of the eligible voting population in Garcia’s 29th District; under the new lines, they are just 43%. Meanwhile, the Black eligible voting population...grew from 18% under the previous map to 33% of the district."

Garcia was first elected to the U.S. House in 2018. Her campaign website described her as "the first Latina ever to represent Texas’ 29th Congressional District." Birenbaum said Garcia "plans to campaign vigorously in her new territory to build a winning multiracial coalition, and rejects the notion that Black and brown voters will be factionalized." Garcia said she was "a fighter who refuses to back down...[and] knows that protecting democracy means protecting our rights, our freedoms, and our way of life." Garcia said she had a record of delivering for the district in Congress, including securing more than $1 billion in funding to establish a hydrogen hub in the district and funding improvements to local water mains.