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Stories about Ohio

Initiative to legalize recreational marijuana in Ohio submitted to state legislature

On Jan. 4, 2022, Ohio Secretary of State Frank LaRose (R) sent a letter to legislative leaders announcing that he is resubmitting to the Ohio General Assembly an indirect citizen-initiated measure to legalize the use of recreational marijuana for adults aged 21 and over. 

The initiative was originally filed in 2021 by the Coalition to Regulate Marijuana Like Alcohol, and signatures were submitted at the end of 2021. Due to disagreements about the timeline for submitting signatures and legislative consideration, the campaign filed a lawsuit against legislative leaders in 2022. A settlement allowed for the signatures to be submitted at the start of the 2023 legislative session.

“The Coalition to Regulate Marijuana Like Alcohol is pleased that our proposal was re-transmitted to the Ohio General Assembly and that the secretary of state clarified that the General Assembly’s four-month clock to consider our proposal has begun,” said Tom Haren, a spokesperson for the campaign.

In Ohio, the state legislature will now have four months to consider the proposal. If the measure does not pass the legislature, it may appear on the ballot for Ohio voters on November 7, 2023.

Haren stated, “As we have always said, we intend to work with legislative leadership in good faith to legalize marijuana for all adults through the legislative process. If the General Assembly fails to act, however, we will place our proposal before Ohio voters this November and it will pass.”

Recreational marijuana has been legalized in 21 states. Marijuana was most recently legalized statewide in Maryland and Missouri in 2022 by ballot measures in those states (measures in South Dakota, Arkansas, and North Dakota failed to pass in 2022). Petitions are also currently circulating in Florida and Nebraska to put the question to voters on the 2024 ballot.

Ohio voters may see the issue on their ballots in 2023, depending on whether or not the General Assembly passes the measure and the campaign collects a second round of signatures after the legislative period.

Initially, the Coalition to Regulate Marijuana Like Alcohol filed 206,943 signatures to the secretary of state in December 2021. Of these signatures, 119,825 were found valid by Secretary LaRose on Jan. 3, 2022, but 13,062 more were needed. In Ohio, campaigns are given an additional week to collect more signatures. The campaign submitted 29,918 additional signatures on January 13, 2022, and the state legislature did not decide on the measure within the four-month window. Additionally, the committee became aware of conversations among legislative officials and the attorney general’s office pertaining to whether or not it submitted signatures in time, due to the interpretation of the Ohio Constitution regarding the signature deadline. This prompted the committee to file a lawsuit, and the settlement allowed for the submission of their collected signatures at the start of the 2023 legislative session rather than starting the process over again.

The Ohio General Assembly will have four months to vote on the measure. If they vote to reject the measure or take no action on it, an additional number of signatures will be required to place the initiative on the ballot for Ohio voters in 2023. An additional number of signatures that is equal to 3% of the votes cast in the preceding gubernatorial election are required to place the initiative on the ballot.

The last citizen initiative on the Ohio ballot was in 2018, a measure relating to drug offenses that was defeated by voters. From 1985 to 2022, 24 citizen initiatives appeared on the ballot in Ohio. Eight of those measures were approved and 16 were defeated.

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Ohio governor signs bill creating office to watch for potential federal government overreach

Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine (R) signed a law January 3, 2023, that contains a provision establishing a Tenth Amendment Center in the Ohio Solicitor General’s Office. According to the bill’s text, “The center shall actively monitor federal executive orders, federal statutes, and federal regulations for potential abuse or overreach, including assertion of power inconsistent with the United States Constitution.”

The center will report federal actions that the staff think encroaches on the rights of the state to the solicitor general, who will advise the attorney general on further action.

The bill started as House Bill 506 but was amended into Senate Bill 288—a criminal justice omnibus package—after the House approved the measure. Ohio Attorney General Dave Yost (R) said he supported the legislation and that he believed the law would allow the state to better check federal action and preserve the principle of federalism.

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These Ohio State Senate candidates raised the most money and lost

Elections for 17 of 33 seats in the Ohio State Senate took place on Nov. 8, 2022. Republicans held a 25-8 majority heading into the election.

This article details the five candidates who raised the most money and lost their election. In the 2022 election cycle, 14 of 17 general elections were contested. The losing candidates are shown along with the percentage of the vote they received compared to the winner. In cases where the race was pushed to a runoff, vote percentages for both advancing candidates are included.

State Senate candidates who raised the most money and lost their general election

This information comes from candidate reports to the Ohio Secretary of State covering the period of Jan. 1, 2021, through Oct. 19, 2022.

The candidates who raised the most money and lost their election were:

  • Patricia Goetz – $200,866 – District 27 (Lost general 49% – 51%)
  • Tina Maharath – $183,382 – District 3 (Lost general 47% – 53%)
  • Orlando Sonza – $96,286 – District 9 (Lost general 27% – 73%)
  • Anthony Eliopoulos – $52,515 – District 13 (Lost general 42% – 58%)
  • David Dallas – $7,816 – District 7 (Lost general 38% – 62%)

State Senate candidates who raised the most money and lost their general election last cycle

This information comes from candidate reports to the Ohio Secretary of State covering the period of Jan. 1, 2019, through Dec. 31, 2020.

The candidates who raised the most money and lost their election were:

  • Betsy Rader – $742,197 – District 18 (Lost general 39% – 61%)
  • Crystal Lett – $545,046 – District 16 (Lost general 50% – 50%)
  • Sean O’Brien – $540,044 – District 32 (Lost general 49% – 51%)
  • Mark Fogel – $415,976 – District 6 (Lost general 47% – 53%)
  • Kathy Wyenandt – $385,573 – District 4 (Lost general 39% – 61%)

The data above are based on campaign finance reports that active Ohio PACs submitted to the Ohio Secretary of State. Political expenditures that are not controlled by candidates or their campaigns, known as satellite spending, are not included in candidate totals. Federal PACs are not required to report to state agencies. Transparency USA publishes campaign finance data following major reporting deadlines.

This article is a joint publication from Ballotpedia and Transparency USA, who are working together to provide campaign finance information for state-level elections. Learn more about our work here.



These Ohio State House candidates raised the most money and lost

Elections for all 99 seats in the Ohio House of Representatives took place on Nov. 8, 2022. Republicans held a 64-35 majority heading into the election.

This article details the five candidates who raised the most money and lost their election. In the 2022 election cycle, 78 of 99 general elections were contested. The losing candidates are shown along with the percentage of the vote they received compared to the winner. In cases where the race was pushed to a runoff, vote percentages for both advancing candidates are included.

House candidates who raised the most money and lost their general election

This information comes from candidate reports to the Ohio Secretary of State covering the period of Jan. 1, 2021, through Oct. 19, 2022.

The candidates who raised the most money and lost their election were:

  • Kathleen Clyde – $362,137 – District 72 (Lost general 49% – 51%)
  • Jim Obergefell – $348,376 – District 89 (Lost general 38% – 62%)
  • Beth Bigham – $300,287 – District 34 (Lost general 46% – 54%)
  • Vince Peterson II – $216,847 – District 64 (Lost general 49% – 51%)
  • Thomas West – $195,228 – District 49 (Lost general 46% – 54%)

House candidates who raised the most money and lost their general election last cycle

This information comes from candidate reports to the Ohio Secretary of State covering the period of Jan. 1, 2019, through Dec. 31, 2020.

The candidates who raised the most money and lost their election were:

  • Dave Greenspan – $591,041 – District 16 (Lost general 49% – 51%)
  • Mehek Cooke – $487,153 – District 21 (Lost general 43% – 57%)
  • Chris Monzel – $347,058 – District 28 (Lost general 48% – 52%)
  • Amy Cox – $315,316 – District 43 (Lost general 46% – 54%)
  • Beth Bigham – $310,448 – District 37 (Lost general 49% – 51%)

The data above are based on campaign finance reports that active Ohio PACs submitted to the Ohio Secretary of State. Political expenditures that are not controlled by candidates or their campaigns, known as satellite spending, are not included in candidate totals. Federal PACs are not required to report to state agencies. Transparency USA publishes campaign finance data following major reporting deadlines.

This article is a joint publication from Ballotpedia and Transparency USA, who are working together to provide campaign finance information for state-level elections. Learn more about our work here.



Eleven of 17 Ohio State Senate committee chairs raised more money than the average member this cycle

Elections for 17 of 33 seats in the Ohio State Senate took place on Nov. 8, 2022. Republicans held a 25-8 majority heading into the election.

Committee chair fundraising

State legislative committee chairs set a committee’s legislative agenda. Some committee chairs raise significantly more money than their non-chair counterparts in the state legislature. The average amount raised by delegates who did not serve as a committee chair was $180,282. The funds raised by each of the State Senate’s 17 committee chairs are shown below.

The data above are based on campaign finance reports that active Ohio PACs submitted to the Ohio Secretary of State. Political expenditures that are not controlled by candidates or their campaigns, known as satellite spending, are not included in candidate totals. Federal PACs are not required to report to state agencies. Transparency USA publishes campaign finance data following major reporting deadlines.

This article is a joint publication from Ballotpedia and Transparency USA, who are working together to provide campaign finance information for state-level elections. Learn more about our work here.



Eighteen of 25 Ohio House committee chairs raised more money than the average member this cycle

Elections for all 99 seats in the Ohio House of Representatives took place on Nov. 8, 2022. Republicans held a 64-35 majority heading into the election.

Committee chair fundraising

State legislative committee chairs set a committee’s legislative agenda. Some committee chairs raise significantly more money than their non-chair counterparts in the state legislature. The average amount raised by delegates who did not serve as a committee chair was $155,355. The funds raised by each of the House’s 25 committee chairs are shown below.

  • Agriculture and Conservation Committee – Kyle Koehler – $20,600
  • Armed Services and Veterans Affairs Committee – Haraz Ghanbari – $293,839
  • Behavioral Health and Recovery Supports Committee – Sara Carruthers – $175,916
  • Civil Justice Committee – Brett Hudson Hillyer – $179,246
  • Commerce and Labor Committee – Dick Stein – $136,388
  • Criminal Justice Committee – Jeff LaRe – $208,458
  • Economic and Workforce Development Committee – Jay Edwards – $1,126,036
  • Energy and Public Utilities Committee – Bob Peterson – $126,419
  • Families, Aging, and Human Services Committee – Susan Manchester – $420,104
  • Financial Institutions Committee – Kris Jordan – $27,178
  • Government Oversight Committee – Shane Wilkin – $444,030
  • Higher Education and Career Readiness Committee – Laura Lanese – $61,546
  • House Energy and Natural Resources Committee – Jason Stephens – $597,405
  • House Finance Committee – Scott Oelslager – $215,186
  • House Health Committee – Scott Lipps – $200,537
  • House Insurance Committee – Tom Brinkman Jr. – $25,910
  • House Primary and Secondary Education Committee – Gayle L. Manning – $316,084
  • House Public Utilities Committee – James Hoops – $173,236
  • House Rules and Reference Committee – Bob Cupp – $492,059
  • House Ways and Means Committee – Derek Merrin – $531,285
  • Infrastructure and Rural Development Committee – Reggie Stoltzfus – $54,250
  • Joint Legislative Ethics Committee – Bob Cupp – $492,059
  • Joint Medicaid Oversight Committee – Thomas Patton – $840,773
  • Legislative Service Commission Committee – Bob Cupp – $492,059
  • State and Local Government Committee – Scott Wiggam – $155,733
  • Technology and Innovation Committee – Mark Fraizer – $228,932
  • Transportation and Public Safety Committee – Brian Baldridge – $490,917

The data above are based on campaign finance reports that active Ohio PACs submitted to the Ohio Secretary of State. Political expenditures that are not controlled by candidates or their campaigns, known as satellite spending, are not included in candidate totals. Federal PACs are not required to report to state agencies. Transparency USA publishes campaign finance data following major reporting deadlines.

This article is a joint publication from Ballotpedia and Transparency USA, who are working together to provide campaign finance information for state-level elections. Learn more about our work here.



These are the results in the top five most expensive Ohio Senate elections

General elections for 17 of 33 districts in the Ohio State Senate took place on Nov. 8, 2022. Of the 17 districts up for election in 2022, 14 had a general election with more than one candidate.

Across all contested general elections, candidates raised $6.0 million. Incumbents raised an average of $485,877 per candidate and challengers raised an average of $87,712 per candidate.

Five general elections with the most fundraising

The table below details the five general elections with the most fundraising in the State Senate. Winning candidates’ names are in bold.

District Money Raised Officeholder Candidates
District 27 $1,620,989 Kristina Daley Roegner (R) Kristina Daley Roegner and Patricia Goetz
District 13 $910,315 Nathan Manning (R) Nathan Manning and Anthony Eliopoulos
District 3 $664,718 Tina Maharath (D) Michele Reynolds and Tina Maharath
District 33 $628,933 Michael Rulli (R) Michael Rulli and Bob Hagan
District 17 $447,007 Bob Peterson (R) Shane Wilkin and Garry Boone

The officeholders above are listed for the current districts they hold. However, this is a redistricting year, so candidates have been identified below as incumbents even if they are running in a different district than they currently hold.

#1 District 27 – $1,620,989

Incumbent Kristina Daley Roegner raised $1,420,122 and Patricia Goetz raised $200,866.

Kristina Daley Roegner won with 51 percent of the vote and Patricia Goetz received 49 percent of the vote.

#2 District 13 – $910,315

Incumbent Nathan Manning raised $857,800 and Anthony Eliopoulos raised $52,515.

Nathan Manning won with 58 percent of the vote and Anthony Eliopoulos received 42 percent of the vote.

#3 District 3 – $664,718

Incumbent Tina Maharath raised $183,382 and Michele Reynolds raised $481,336.

Michele Reynolds won with 53 percent of the vote and Tina Maharath received 47 percent of the vote.

#4 District 33 – $628,933

Incumbent Michael Rulli raised $628,933 and Bob Hagan raised $0.

Michael Rulli won with 66 percent of the vote and Bob Hagan received 34 percent of the vote.

#5 District 17 – $447,007

Shane Wilkin raised $444,030 and Garry Boone raised $2,977.

Shane Wilkin won with 74 percent of the vote and Garry Boone received 26 percent of the vote.

The data above are based on campaign finance reports that active Ohio PACs submitted to the Ohio Secretary of State. Political expenditures that are not controlled by candidates or their campaigns, known as satellite spending, are not included in candidate totals. Federal PACs are not required to report to state agencies. Transparency USA publishes campaign finance data following major reporting deadlines.

This article is a joint publication from Ballotpedia and Transparency USA, who are working together to provide campaign finance information for state-level elections. Learn more about our work here.



These are the results in the top five most expensive Ohio State House elections

General elections for all 99 districts in the Ohio House of Representatives took place on Nov. 8, 2022. Of the 99 districts up for election in 2022, 78 had a general election with more than one candidate.

Across all contested general elections, candidates raised $20.0 million. Incumbents raised an average of $241,100 per candidate and challengers raised an average of $62,651 per candidate.

Five general elections with the most fundraising

The table below details the five general elections with the most fundraising in the House of Representatives. Winning candidates’ names are in bold.

District Money Raised Officeholder Candidates
District 94 $1,126,036 Jay Edwards (R) Jay Edwards, Tanya Conrath, and Rhyan Goodman
District 17 $894,218 Adam Miller (D) Thomas Patton and Troy Greenfield
District 89 $744,169 D.J. Swearingen (R) D.J. Swearingen and Jim Obergefell
District 34 $726,664 Emilia Sykes (D) Casey Weinstein and Beth Bigham
District 42 $724,704 Tom Young (R) Derek Merrin and Erika White

The officeholders above are listed for the current districts they hold. However, this is a redistricting year, so candidates have been identified below as incumbents even if they are running in a different district than they currently hold.

#1 District 94 – $1,126,036

Incumbent Jay Edwards raised $1,126,036, Rhyan Goodman raised $0, and Tanya Conrath raised $0.

Jay Edwards won with 61 percent of the vote, Tanya Conrath received 39 percent of the vote, and Rhyan Goodman withdrew.

#2 District 17 – $894,218

Incumbent Thomas Patton raised $840,773 and Troy Greenfield raised $53,445.

Thomas Patton won with 55 percent of the vote and Troy Greenfield received 45 percent of the vote.

#3 District 89 – $744,169

Incumbent D.J. Swearingen raised $395,793 and Jim Obergefell raised $348,376.

D.J. Swearingen won with 62 percent of the vote and Jim Obergefell received 38 percent of the vote.

#4 District 34 – $726,664

Incumbent Casey Weinstein raised $426,376 and Beth Bigham raised $300,287.

Casey Weinstein won with 54 percent of the vote and Beth Bigham received 46 percent of the vote.

#5 District 42 – $724,704

Incumbent Derek Merrin raised $531,285 and Erika White raised $193,419.

Derek Merrin won with 54 percent of the vote and Erika White received 46 percent of the vote.

The data above are based on campaign finance reports that active Ohio PACs submitted to the Ohio Secretary of State. Political expenditures that are not controlled by candidates or their campaigns, known as satellite spending, are not included in candidate totals. Federal PACs are not required to report to state agencies. Transparency USA publishes campaign finance data following major reporting deadlines.

This article is a joint publication from Ballotpedia and Transparency USA, who are working together to provide campaign finance information for state-level elections. Learn more about our work here.



Ohio Republican candidates have spent $28.8 million more than Democrats

In Ohio, state-level candidates have spent $73.5 million between Jan. 1, 2021, and Oct. 19, 2022. Democratic candidates have spent $21.3 million and Republican candidates have spent $50.5 million. 

Ohio Campaign Finance Snapshot (1/1/2021 – 10/19/2022)

Top 10 Democratic candidates, by expenditures (1/1/2021 – 10/19/2022)

In the 2022 election cycle, 236 state-level Democrats have filed campaign finance reports with the Ohio Secretary of State’s office. Here are the 10 Democratic candidates who have spent the most.

RankDemocratic CandidateTotal spent
1.Nan Whaley$7,649,680.15
2.John Cranley$3,183,605.84
3.Jennifer Brunner$631,830.36
4.Terri Jamison$434,895.16
5.Dani Isaacsohn$428,562.88
6.Jeffrey Crossman$393,757.45
7.Allison Russo$378,833.16
8.Casey Weinstein$331,423.59
9.Patricia Goetz$328,221.58
10.Nickie Antonio$263,209.80

Top 10 Republican candidates, by expenditures (1/1/2021 – 10/19/2022)

During the same time period, 241 Republicans have filed campaign finance reports with the Ohio Secretary of State’s office. These are the 10 Republican candidates with the highest reported expenditures for the 2022 election cycle so far.

RankRepublican CandidateTotal spent
1.Richard Michael DeWine$13,597,109.39
2.James Renacci$4,901,473.51
3.Frank Larose$3,092,038.57
4.David Yost$2,808,457.36
5.Sharon Kennedy$1,849,105.67
6.Pat Dewine$1,539,188.98
7.Robert Sprague$1,183,218.96
8.Pat Fischer$1,007,558.41
9.Matthew Huffman$865,382.29
10.Jay Edwards$852,515.73

In some states, officeholders may make expenditures from their campaign accounts when they are not up for election. Those expenditures are included in candidate campaign finance numbers.

The data above are based on campaign finance reports that active Florida candidate PACs submitted to the Ohio Secretary of State’s office. Transparency USA publishes campaign finance data following major reporting deadlines. State or federal law may require filers to submit additional reports.

StateReport NameDue Date
OH2021 Annual1/31/2022
OH2022 Pre-Primary4/21/2022
OH2022 Post-Primary6/10/2022
OH2022 Semiannual7/29/2022
OH2022 Pre-General10/27/2022
OH2022 Post-General12/16/2022

This article is a joint publication from Ballotpedia and Transparency USA, who are working together to provide campaign finance information for state-level elections. Learn more about our work here.



All candidates for Attorney General of Ohio complete Ballotpedia’s Candidate Connection survey

Both of the candidates running in the November 8, 2022, general election for Attorney General of Ohio—incumbent Dave Yost (R) and Jeff Crossman (D) — completed Ballotpedia’s Candidate Connection survey. These survey responses allow voters to hear directly from candidates about what motivates them to run for office. 

This is one of 30 attorney general seats on the ballot in 2022. All 50 states have an attorney general who serves as the state’s chief legal officer. The attorney general enforces state law and advises the state government on legal matters. Ohio is one of 27 states with a Republican attorney general, and one of 23 states with a Republican party triplex.

Here are excerpts from candidates’ responses to the question: What are the main points you want voters to remember about your goals for your time in office?  

Yost:               

  • “Protecting the unprotected”
  • “Upholding the rule of law”
  • “Defending the Constitution”

Crossman:           

  • “Ohioans are constantly being ripped off and our cost of living is rising due in part to the inept Columbus politicians, statehouse corruption, and bad faith politics.”
  • “Protecting our civil rights and inherent freedoms is paramount as Attorney General.”
  • “We must fight for Ohio workers and make sure Ohio remains a “workers first” state.”

Click here to read their full responses to this and other questions.

We ask all federal, state, and local candidates with profiles on Ballotpedia to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Ask the candidates in your area to fill out the survey.

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